Chapter 3: Economics

In this section

• The Firm and Market Structures
  Discover how firms operate in different market structures, from perfect competition to monopoly, and learn about pricing strategies, breakeven points, shutdown points, and more.
• Understanding Business Cycles
  Explore the phases of the business cycle, learn how credit conditions shape economic activity, and discover key economic indicators for recognizing turning points.
• Fiscal Policy
  An in-depth look at how government spending and taxation influence economic stability, growth, and the debt-to-GDP debate.
• Monetary Policy
  Explore the objectives of central banks, tools of monetary policy, transmission mechanisms, and real-world challenges in implementing effective monetary policy frameworks.
• Introduction to Geopolitics
  Explore how nations cooperate and compete on the global stage, influenced by geography, economic interdependence, and international organizations. Understand the nature of geopolitical risk, sanctions, tariffs, and alliances, and their effects on global investment strategies.
• International Trade
  Explore how international trade fosters global collaboration through specialization, comparative advantage, and efficient resource use, while also examining trade barriers, trading blocs, and their socioeconomic impacts.
• Capital Flows and the FX Market: Key Drivers of Global Currency Flows
  A comprehensive exploration of foreign exchange markets, exchange rate regimes, currency valuations, and the interplay of capital flows in shaping global economies.
• Exchange Rate Calculations
  Explore cross-rates, spot and forward relationships, interest rate parity, and exchange rate forecasts with practical examples and informal insights.