Browse CFA Level 2

Chapter 13: Trade Policies, Regional Blocs, and Competitiveness

In this section

  • Tariffs, Quotas, and Subsidies in Practice
    Explore how trade policies like tariffs, quotas, and subsidies shape global supply-demand dynamics, impact welfare, and influence market competitiveness. Includes diagrams, real-world examples, and practical CFA exam-style questions.
  • Economic Integration and Trade Agreements
    Explore how trade blocs, free trade agreements, and customs unions shape global economics, from fundamental integration concepts to real-world implications of trade creation vs. trade diversion.
  • Import Substitution vs. Export Promotion
    A deep dive into policy approaches that shape industrialization and trade strategies, focusing on Import Substitution Industrialization (ISI) and Export-Led Growth models.
  • Real Effective Exchange Rate and Competitiveness
    Learn how the Real Effective Exchange Rate (REER) shapes a nation’s external competitiveness and policy decisions through real-world examples, step-by-step calculations, and practical CFA®-style applications.
  • Scenario Analysis: Policy Shifts and Sector Outcomes
    Explore how simultaneous trade policies—tariffs, accords, and currency interventions—can redefine sector dynamics in domestic and global markets, and learn a structured approach to scenario analysis for CFA Level II item sets.
Sunday, April 13, 2025 Monday, January 1, 1

Important Notice: FinancialAnalystGuide.com provides supplemental CFA study materials, including mock exams, sample exam questions, and other practice resources to aid your exam preparation. These resources are not affiliated with or endorsed by the CFA Institute. CFA® and Chartered Financial Analyst® are registered trademarks owned exclusively by CFA Institute. Our content is independent, and we do not guarantee exam success. CFA Institute does not endorse, promote, or warrant the accuracy or quality of our products.