Browse CFA Level 1

Chapter 4: Real Estate and Infrastructure

In this section

  • Real Estate Investment Structures
    Explore the foundational concepts and practical examples of various real estate investment structures, ranging from direct ownership to REITs and club deals. Understand the pros, cons, and real-world applications in a portfolio management context for CFA Level I candidates and beyond.
  • Valuation Methods for Real Estate Assets
    Explore essential real estate valuation approaches—Cost, Sales Comparison, Income Capitalization, and DCF—in this comprehensive and slightly informal guide for aspiring CFA professionals.
  • Infrastructure Investments and Their Role in Portfolios
    Explore the essential role of infrastructure assets in portfolios, covering stable cash flows, inflation linkage, public-private partnerships, risk considerations, and more.
  • Risk Assessment and Return Characteristics
    A comprehensive exploration of how real estate and infrastructure investments handle various forms of risk and generate returns over the long run, with practical examples and informal anecdotes to make the content more engaging.
  • Mortgage-Backed Securities and Securitization
    Explore how mortgage loans become tradable securities, the distinctions between agency and non-agency MBS, tranching structures, and key risks like prepayment and default, with practical insights for portfolio management and exam prep.
  • Public vs. Private Real Estate Markets
    Explore key differences between public and private real estate markets, covering liquidity, valuation, correlation, and regulatory factors. Dive into REITs, direct ownership, pricing mechanisms, and best practices.
  • Lifecycle of Infrastructure Projects
    Dive into the phases of infrastructure project development, from early construction to long-term operations, highlighting risks, returns, and best practices.
  • ESG Considerations in Real Assets
    Explore how environmental, social, and governance criteria influence real estate and infrastructure investments, from green building certifications to stakeholder engagement and reporting standards.
  • Specialized Property Sectors (Data Centers, Cell Towers)
    Explore key drivers, investment considerations, and risk factors behind data centers and cell towers—two specialized property sectors benefiting from long-term digitalization trends.
  • Social Infrastructure and Concession Agreements
    Explore how private sector involvement in social infrastructure projects, such as schools and hospitals, uses concession agreements to balance public needs, investor returns, and political considerations.
  • Tenant Risk, Lease Structures, and Rental Yields
    Explore how tenant risk, different lease structures, and rental yields shape real estate investment decisions for stable portfolio performance.
  • Real Estate Operating Companies vs. REITs
    Compare Real Estate Operating Companies with REITs, examining their structures, tax treatments, income versus growth dynamics, and investor considerations.
  • Infrastructure Debt and Risk Management
    Explore the fundamentals of infrastructure debt instruments, credit analysis, risk mitigation approaches, and how regulatory changes shape financing decisions in long-term infrastructure projects.
  • Redevelopment, Brownfield vs. Greenfield Projects
    Explore the distinctions between brownfield and greenfield projects, key redevelopment strategies, feasibility studies, and learn how to manage risks and leverage incentives in real estate and infrastructure investments.
  • Impact of Technological Advancements in Real Estate
    Discover how advancements in PropTech, IoT, blockchain, AI, and big data are transforming real estate investments, operations, and valuations, along with strategies to mitigate evolving cybersecurity risks.
  • Philanthropic and Endowment-Based Real Estate Strategies
    Explore how philanthropic organizations and endowments use real estate investments to achieve social impact, diversify portfolios, and deliver sustainable returns while maintaining fiduciary responsibilities and ethical standards.
Wednesday, April 9, 2025 Monday, January 1, 1

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